![]() The adrenal medulla can be considered specialized ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system lacking distinct synapses, instead releasing secretions directly into the blood.Īdrenal cortex See main article: adrenal cortex See main article: adrenal cortex hormonesīy contrast, the adrenal cortex is devoted to synthesis of steroid hormones from cholesterol. ![]() These water-soluble hormones, derived from the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine, are part of the fight-or-flight response initiated by the sympathetic nervous system. The chromaffin cells of the medulla are the body's main source of the catecholamine hormones adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine). It is separated into two distinct structures, both of which receive regulatory input from the nervous system.Īdrenal medulla See main article: adrenal medullaĪs its name suggests, the adrenal medulla is the central core of the adrenal gland, surrounded by the adrenal cortex. ![]() In humans, the adrenal glands are found at the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra and receive their blood supply from the adrenal arteries. Anatomically, the adrenal glands are located in the abdomen, situated on the anteriosuperior aspect of the kidneys.
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